Winter care for working dogs

There’s something special about a winter’s day in the field with a gundog — the low sun over frosty fields, the sight of steam rising from a dog’s coat, the quiet satisfaction of a job well done. But the colder months also bring their share of challenges. Brambles, biting winds, frosty fields, and icy puddles can all take their toll and lead to discomfort or injury.

Whether your dog is a hard-working spaniel or a faithful old labrador, a little extra care through the colder months ensures they stay fit, healthy, and ready for the season ahead.

Sore eyes and noses – protection from brambles and cold winds

A working dog’s face can really take the brunt of a day’s work in the field. Spaniels especially like nothing better than pushing through dense cover but the result is often sore eyes, noses, and scratches & blisters on their under belly. Cold winds can also leave noses cracked and raw.

Protective clothing, such as a close-fitting coat or vest with chest protection, can protect the chest area from scratches but the dog must be closely monitored when wearing one in dense cover to ensure they do not become snagged.

Check your dog’s face thoroughly after every outing, or after every drive if you see any signs of irritation. A saline rinse can be useful if eyes look sore but for any persistent irritation or if your dog is rubbing at their face, then seek advice from your vet.

A touch of pet-safe balm on the nose can relieve soreness or cracking. Any scratches on the belly or legs will benefit from being cleaned with a mild antiseptic solution but may need attention from your vet if they are deep or do not show signs of healing within a few days.

Cold water retrieves — when to say no

It’s tempting to let a water-loving dog carry on as usual, but cold-water retrieves can be risky. Even strong swimmers can chill rapidly, risking hypothermia or muscle stiffness.

If you do allow retrieves from cold water, make sure your dog is fully warmed up first. Limit the number of retrieves and dry them thoroughly afterwards. Keep a towel or drying robe in your vehicle, and don’t let them sit wet in a cold crate or dog box.

During very cold spells, when water temperature is near freezing, it’s best to avoid water work entirely. Never send your dog onto a frozen pond or lake – the risks are just too great for both your dog and for you.

Snow build-up on legs and paws

One of the most common winter annoyances for dogs, especially those with longer feathering, are the balls of snow and ice that cling to legs and paws. While they look harmless, they can be painful and restrict movement.

To prevent them, keep feathering and excess hair on the feet trimmed. You can also apply a balm or wax before heading out, which makes it harder for the snow to stick. After a day out in the field, rinse paws with warm water to ensure any ice or grit is removed and then dry thoroughly. A quick comb or brush also keeps any matts at bay and ensures the coat is in good condition.

Gritted pavements and roads – a hidden winter hazard

In icy weather, roads and pavements are often heavily gritted. While it’s great for us, it’s definitely not good for our dogs. Salt and grit can irritate paws and skin and can be toxic if licked. Always rinse and dry your dog's paws after walking on gritted surfaces — even short walks near home can cause problems.

Watch for redness, excessive licking, or limping — all signs of irritation. If the skin between the toes looks sore, bathe it in warm water and apply a soothing paw balm.

If your dog spends a lot of time on salted pavements, you may want to consider using dog boots for extra protection, especially in urban areas. They take a bit of getting used to, but they can save a lot of discomfort.

Keeping short-haired breeds warm

Breeds like Vizslas, Pointers, and Weimaraners may have stamina, but their short coats offer little insulation in cold, wet weather. They can start to feel the cold quickly, especially when wet or standing around between drives.

Invest in a well-fitted, waterproof coat for resting periods or travel - choose one that doesn’t restrict movement. When you’re finished for the day, towel your dog off thoroughly or pop them in a drying coat to help retain warmth on the journey home.

At home, make sure their bed is away from draughts and raised off cold floors. Even the hardiest working dog will appreciate a bit of comfort when the temperature drops.

Caring for dogs in outside kennels

While many working dogs live outdoors quite happily all year, winter means paying closer attention to their comfort.

Kennels should be dry, draught-free, and insulated. Sleeping areas should be raised off the ground with plenty of clean, dry bedding. Straw, shredded paper, or thermal vet bedding all work well. Check bedding daily, as damp bedding can lead to chills or skin problems.

Ensure the kennel has good ventilation but is sheltered from the wind. As at any other time of year, fresh water should always be available, but in freezing temperatures you may need to check it several times a day to prevent it from icing over.

Even outdoor dogs benefit from extra warmth during extreme cold snaps. A heat lamp, kennel heater, or thermal mat can make a big difference, but ensure all electrical equipment is safely installed and protected from chewing. If any dogs are elderly or have health issues, they are more susceptible to the cold, and you may want to bring them indoors during particularly cold snaps.

General winter care - grooming, nutrition, and well-being

Winter grooming helps maintain a healthy coat that insulates correctly. Regular brushing removes dead hair, prevents matting, and allows you to spot any cuts or skin issues early. Avoid over-bathing, as frequent washing can strip natural oils that protect against the cold.

Nutrition is equally important. Cold weather increases calorie needs, especially for dogs working through the season. A high-quality diet rich in protein and essential fats will help maintain muscle tone and a glossy coat. Keep an eye on weight — lean is good, but a little extra insulation isn’t a bad thing when temperatures fall. Always adjust portions based on workload and body condition.

Don’t overestimate rest. Between long days in the field your dog deserves time off to recover and simply relax. Provide plenty of downtime in a warm, dry space, and keep an eye on older dogs or those with joint problems as they may benefit from joint supplements or a bit of extra padding in their beds. A content, well cared for dog is always a better worker.

Final thoughts

Winter may be hard work, but it’s also one of the most rewarding times to share with a working dog — the crisp mornings, the teamwork, the quiet companionship on frosty drives. With the right care and attention, your dog will not only stay comfortable but thrive through the season.

A bit of extra care goes a long way in ensuring your dog remains happy, healthy, and ready for every day in the field.

Here's a list of some essential items that you may need for the winter months:

Dog First Aid Kit

Protection Vest

Drying Coat

Waterproof Coat

Protective Boots

Bedding